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Compare Cook Islands (2008) - Thailand (2001)

Compare Cook Islands (2008) z Thailand (2001)

 Cook Islands (2008)Thailand (2001)
 Cook IslandsThailand
Administrative divisions none 76 provinces (changwat, singular and plural); Amnat Charoen, Ang Thong, Buriram, Chachoengsao, Chai Nat, Chaiyaphum, Chanthaburi, Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Chon Buri, Chumphon, Kalasin, Kamphaeng Phet, Kanchanaburi, Khon Kaen, Krabi, Krung Thep Mahanakhon (Bangkok), Lampang, Lamphun, Loei, Lop Buri, Mae Hong Son, Maha Sarakham, Mukdahan, Nakhon Nayok, Nakhon Pathom, Nakhon Phanom, Nakhon Ratchasima, Nakhon Sawan, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Nan, Narathiwat, Nong Bua Lamphu, Nong Khai, Nonthaburi, Pathum Thani, Pattani, Phangnga, Phatthalung, Phayao, Phetchabun, Phetchaburi, Phichit, Phitsanulok, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Phrae, Phuket, Prachin Buri, Prachuap Khiri Khan, Ranong, Ratchaburi, Rayong, Roi Et, Sa Kaeo, Sakon Nakhon, Samut Prakan, Samut Sakhon, Samut Songkhram, Sara Buri, Satun, Sing Buri, Sisaket, Songkhla, Sukhothai, Suphan Buri, Surat Thani, Surin, Tak, Trang, Trat, Ubon Ratchathani, Udon Thani, Uthai Thani, Uttaradit, Yala, Yasothon
Age structure 0-14 years: 34.1% (male 2,718/female 2,388)


15-64 years: 59.5% (male 4,531/female 4,395)


65 years and over: 6.4% (male 489/female 469) (2001 census) (2001 census)
0-14 years:
23.43% (male 7,380,273; female 7,099,506)

15-64 years:
69.95% (male 21,304,051; female 21,921,383)

65 years and over:
6.62% (male 1,796,325; female 2,296,213) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products copra, citrus, pineapples, tomatoes, beans, pawpaws, bananas, yams, taro, coffee; pigs, poultry rice, cassava (tapioca), rubber, corn, sugarcane, coconuts, soybeans
Airports 9 (2007) 110 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2007)
total:
59

over 3,047 m:
6

2,438 to 3,047 m:
11

1,524 to 2,437 m:
21

914 to 1,523 m:
17

under 914 m:
4 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 7


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 4


under 914 m: 1 (2007)
total:
51

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
16

under 914 m:
34 (2000 est.)
Area total: 236.7 sq km


land: 236.7 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total:
514,000 sq km

land:
511,770 sq km

water:
2,230 sq km
Area - comparative 1.3 times the size of Washington, DC slightly more than twice the size of Wyoming
Background Named after Captain COOK, who sighted them in 1770, the islands became a British protectorate in 1888. By 1900, administrative control was transferred to New Zealand; in 1965, residents chose self-government in free association with New Zealand. The emigration of skilled workers to New Zealand and government deficits are continuing problems. A unified Thai kingdom was established in the mid-14th century; it was known as Siam until 1939. Thailand is the only southeast Asian country never to have been taken over by a European power. A bloodless revolution in 1932 led to a constitutional monarchy. In alliance with Japan during World War II, Thailand became a US ally following the conflict.
Birth rate 21 births/1,000 population NA (2001 census) 16.63 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $70.95 million


expenditures: $69.05 million (FY05/06)
revenues:
$19 billion

expenditures:
$21 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
Capital name: Avarua


geographic coordinates: 21 12 S, 159 46 W


time difference: UTC-10 (5 hours behind Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Bangkok
Climate tropical oceanic; moderated by trade winds; a dry season from April to November and a more humid season from December to March tropical; rainy, warm, cloudy southwest monsoon (mid-May to September); dry, cool northeast monsoon (November to mid-March); southern isthmus always hot and humid
Coastline 120 km 3,219 km
Constitution 4 August 1965 new constitution signed by King PHUMIPHON on 11 October 1997
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Cook Islands


former: Harvey Islands
conventional long form:
Kingdom of Thailand

conventional short form:
Thailand

former:
Siam
Currency - baht (THB)
Death rate NA 7.54 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $141 million (1996 est.) $90 billion (2000 est.)
Dependency status self-governing in free association with New Zealand; Cook Islands is fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense, in consultation with the Cook Islands -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (self-governing in free association with New Zealand) chief of mission:
Ambassador Richard E. HECKLINGER

embassy:
120/22 Wireless Road, Bangkok

mailing address:
APO AP 96546

telephone:
[66] (2) 205-4000

FAX:
[66] (2) 254-1171

consulate(s) general:
Chiang Mai
Diplomatic representation in the US none (self-governing in free association with New Zealand) chief of mission:
Ambassador TEJ Bunnag

chancery:
1024 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007

telephone:
[1] (202) 944-3600

FAX:
[1] (202) 944-3611

consulate(s) general:
Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York
Disputes - international none parts of the border with Laos are indefinite; parts of border with Cambodia are indefinite; sporadic border hostilities with Burma over border alignment and ethnic Shan rebels operating in cross-border region
Economic aid - recipient $13.1 million; note - New Zealand continues to furnish the greater part (1995) $131.5 million (1998 est.)
Economy - overview Like many other South Pacific island nations, the Cook Islands' economic development is hindered by the isolation of the country from foreign markets, the limited size of domestic markets, lack of natural resources, periodic devastation from natural disasters, and inadequate infrastructure. Agriculture, employing about one-third of the working population, provides the economic base with major exports made up of copra and citrus fruit. Black pearls are the Cook Islands' leading export. Manufacturing activities are limited to fruit processing, clothing, and handicrafts. Trade deficits are offset by remittances from emigrants and by foreign aid, overwhelmingly from New Zealand. In the 1980s and 1990s, the country lived beyond its means, maintaining a bloated public service and accumulating a large foreign debt. Subsequent reforms, including the sale of state assets, the strengthening of economic management, the encouragement of tourism, and a debt restructuring agreement, have rekindled investment and growth. After enjoying the world's highest growth rate from 1985 to 1995 - averaging almost 9% annually - increased speculative pressure on Thailand's currency in 1997 led to a crisis that uncovered financial sector weaknesses and forced the government to float the baht. Long pegged at 25 to the dollar, the baht reached its lowest point of 56 to the dollar in January 1998 and the economy contracted by 10.2% that same year. Thailand entered a recovery stage in 1999, expanding 4.2% and grew about the same amount in 2000, largely due to strong exports - which increased about 20% in 2000. An ailing financial sector and the slow pace of corporate debt restructuring, combined with a softening of global demand, is likely to slow growth in 2001.
Electricity - consumption 27.9 million kWh (2005 est.) 83.991 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2005) 200 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2005) 1.02 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 30 million kWh (2005) 89.431 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
91.17%

hydro:
3.81%

nuclear:
0%

other:
5.02% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Te Manga 652 m
lowest point:
Gulf of Thailand 0 m

highest point:
Doi Inthanon 2,576 m
Environment - current issues NA air pollution from vehicle emissions; water pollution from organic and factory wastes; deforestation; soil erosion; wildlife populations threatened by illegal hunting
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
party to:
Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Biodiversity, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups Cook Island Maori (Polynesian) 87.7%, part Cook Island Maori 5.8%, other 6.5% (2001 census) Thai 75%, Chinese 14%, other 11%
Exchange rates NZ dollars per US dollar - 1.3811 (2007), 1.5408 (2006), 1.4203 (2005), 1.5087 (2004), 1.7221 (2003) baht per US dollar - 43.078 (January 2001), 40.112 (2000), 37.814 (1999), 41.359 (1998), 31.364 (1997), 25.343 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Frederick GOODWIN (since 9 February 2001); New Zealand High Commissioner Brian DONNELLY (since 21 February 2008), representative of New Zealand


head of government: Prime Minister Jim MARURAI (since 14 December 2004); Deputy Prime Minister Terepai MAOATE (since 9 August 2005)


cabinet: Cabinet chosen by the prime minister; collectively responsible to Parliament


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the UK representative is appointed by the monarch; the New Zealand high commissioner is appointed by the New Zealand Government; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually becomes prime minister
chief of state:
King PHUMIPHON Adunyadet (since 9 June 1946)

head of government:
Prime Minister THAKSIN Chinnawat (since NA January 2001)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers

note:
there is also a Privy Council

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; prime minister designated from among the members of the House of Representatives; following a national election for the House of Representatives, the leader of the party that can organize a majority coalition usually becomes prime minister
Exports 0 bbl/day (2004) $68.2 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities copra, papayas, fresh and canned citrus fruit, coffee; fish; pearls and pearl shells; clothing computers and parts, textiles, integrated circuits, rice
Exports - partners Australia 34%, Japan 27%, NZ 25%, US 8% (2006) US 22%, Japan 14%, Singapore 9%, Hong Kong 5%, Netherlands 4%, Malaysia 4%, UK 4% (1999)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March 1 October - 30 September
Flag description blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and a large circle of 15 white five-pointed stars (one for every island) centered in the outer half of the flag five horizontal bands of red (top), white, blue (double width), white, and red
GDP - purchasing power parity - $413 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 15.1%


industry: 9.6%


services: 75.3% (2004)
agriculture:
13%

industry:
40%

services:
47% (1999)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $6,700 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 0.1% (2005 est.) 4.2% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 21 14 S, 159 46 W 15 00 N, 100 00 E
Geography - note the northern Cook Islands are seven low-lying, sparsely populated, coral atolls; the southern Cook Islands, where most of the population lives, consist of eight elevated, fertile, volcanic isles, including the largest, Rarotonga, at 67 sq km controls only land route from Asia to Malaysia and Singapore
Heliports - 2 (2000 est.)
Highways - total:
64,600 km

paved:
62,985 km

unpaved:
1,615 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%:
2.5%

highest 10%:
37.1% (1992)
Illicit drugs - a minor producer of opium, heroin, and marijuana; illicit transit point for heroin en route to the international drug market from Burma and Laos; eradication efforts have reduced the area of cannabis cultivation and shifted some production to neighboring countries; opium poppy cultivation has been reduced by eradication efforts; also a drug money-laundering center; minor role in amphetamine production for regional consumption; increasing indigenous abuse of methamphetamine
Imports 429.3 bbl/day (2004) $61.8 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities foodstuffs, textiles, fuels, timber, capital goods capital goods, intermediate goods and raw materials, consumer goods, fuels
Imports - partners NZ 61%, Fiji 19%, US 9%, Australia 6%, Japan 2% (2006) Japan 26%, US 14%, Singapore 6%, China 5%, Malaysia 5%, Taiwan 5% (1999)
Independence none (became self-governing in free association with New Zealand on 4 August 1965 and has the right at any time to move to full independence by unilateral action) 1238 (traditional founding date; never colonized)
Industrial production growth rate 1% (2002) 3% (2000 est.)
Industries fruit processing, tourism, fishing, clothing, handicrafts tourism; textiles and garments, agricultural processing, beverages, tobacco, cement, light manufacturing, such as jewelry; electric appliances and components, computers and parts, integrated circuits, furniture, plastics; world's second-largest tungsten producer and third-largest tin producer
Infant mortality rate total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
30.49 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.1% (2005 est.) 2.1% (2000 est.)
International organization participation ACP, ADB, FAO, ICAO, ICRM, IFAD, IFRCS, IOC, ITUC, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO APEC, ARF, AsDB, ASEAN, BIS, CCC, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC (observer), OPCW, OSCE (partner), PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNITAR, UNMIBH, UNTAET, UNU, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 15 (2000)
Irrigated land NA 44,000 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch High Court Supreme Court or Sandika (judges appointed by the monarch)
Labor force 6,820 (2001) 32.6 million (1997 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture: 29%


industry: 15%


services: 56% (1995)
agriculture 54%, industry 15%, services 31% (1996 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total:
4,863 km

border countries:
Burma 1,800 km, Cambodia 803 km, Laos 1,754 km, Malaysia 506 km
Land use arable land: 16.67%


permanent crops: 8.33%


other: 75% (2005)
arable land:
34%

permanent crops:
6%

permanent pastures:
2%

forests and woodland:
26%

other:
32% (1993 est.)
Languages English (official), Maori Thai, English (secondary language of the elite), ethnic and regional dialects
Legal system based on New Zealand law and English common law based on civil law system, with influences of common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch bicameral Parliament consisting of a Legislative Assembly (or lower house) (25 seats, 24 seats representing districts of the Cook Islands, 1 seat representing Cook Islanders living overseas; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and a House of Ariki (or upper house) made up of traditional leaders


note: the House of Ariki advises on traditional matters and maintains considerable influence but has no legislative powers


elections: last held 26 September 2006 (next to be held by 2011)


election results: percent of vote by party - Demo 51.9%, CIP 45.5%, independent 2.7%; seats by party - Demo 15, CIP 8, independent 1
bicameral National Assembly or Rathasapha consists of the Senate or Wuthisapha (200 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) and the House of Representatives or Sapha Phuthaen Ratsadon (500 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
Senate - last held 4 March, 29 April, 4 June, 9 July, and 22 July 2000 (next to be held NA March 2004); House of Representatives - last held 6 January 2001 (next to be held NA January 2005)

election results:
Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - TRT 248, DP 128, TNP 41, NAP 36, NDP 29, other 18
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
total population:
68.86 years

male:
65.64 years

female:
72.24 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: NA


total population: 95%


male: NA%


female: NA%
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
93.8%

male:
96%

female:
91.6% (1995 est.)
Location Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand Southeastern Asia, bordering the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand, southeast of Burma
Map references Oceania Southeast Asia
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
continental shelf:
200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine total: 16 ships (1000 GRT or over) 112,129 GRT/126,160 DWT


by type: cargo 5, petroleum tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 9, roll on/roll off 1


foreign-owned: 11 (Norway 1, NZ 1, Sweden 9) (2007)
total:
294 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,845,972 GRT/2,923,914 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 36, cargo 133, chemical tanker 3, combination bulk 1, container 14, liquefied gas 20, multi-functional large-load carrier 3, passenger 1, petroleum tanker 61, refrigerated cargo 13, roll on/roll off 2, short-sea passenger 2, specialized tanker 5 (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of New Zealand, in consultation with the Cook Islands and at its request -
Military branches no regular military forces; National Police Department (2007) Royal Thai Army, Royal Thai Navy (includes Royal Thai Marine Corps), Royal Thai Air Force, Paramilitary Forces
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $1.775 billion (FY00)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 1.4% (FY00)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
17,717,268 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
10,646,818 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
567,659 (2001 est.)
National holiday Constitution Day, first Monday in August (1965) Birthday of King PHUMIPHON, 5 December (1927)
Nationality noun: Cook Islander(s)


adjective: Cook Islander
noun:
Thai (singular and plural)

adjective:
Thai
Natural hazards typhoons (November to March) land subsidence in Bangkok area resulting from the depletion of the water table; droughts
Natural resources NEGL tin, rubber, natural gas, tungsten, tantalum, timber, lead, fish, gypsum, lignite, fluorite, arable land
Net migration rate - 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
People - note 2001 census counted a resident population of 15,017 -
Pipelines - petroleum products 67 km; natural gas 350 km
Political parties and leaders Cook Islands Party or CIP [Henry PUNA]; Democratic Party or Demo [Dr. Terepai MAOATE] Democratic Party or DP (Prachathipat Party) [CHUAN Likphai]; Liberal Democratic Party or LDP (Seri Tham) [PHINIT Charusombat]; Mass Party or MP [CHALERM Yoobamrung, SOPHON Petchsavang]; National Development Party or NDP (Chat Phattana) [KORN Dabbaransi]; New Aspiration Party or NAP (Khwamwang Mai) [Gen. CHAWALIT Yongchaiyut]; Phalang Dharma Party or PDP (Phalang Tham) [CHAIWAT Sinsuwong]; Social Action Party or SAP (Kitsangkhom Party) [leader vacant]; Solidarity Party or SP (Ekkaphap Party) [CHAIYOT Sasomsap]; Thai Citizen's Party or TCP (Prachakon Thai) [SAMAK Sunthonwet]; Thai Nation Party or TNP (Chat Thai Party) [BANHAN Sinlapa-acha]; Thai Rak Thai Party or TRT [THAKSIN Chinnawat]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 21,750 (July 2007 est.) 61,797,751

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 12.5% (1998 est.)
Population growth rate -1.2% between 1996-2001 (2001 census) 0.91% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors - Bangkok, Laem Chabang, Pattani, Phuket, Sattahip, Si Racha, Songkhla
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (2004) AM 204, FM 334, shortwave 6 (1999)
Radios - 13.96 million (1997)
Railways - total:
3,940 km

narrow gauge:
3,940 km 1.000-m gauge (99 km double track)
Religions Cook Islands Christian Church 55.9%, Roman Catholic 16.8%, Seventh-Day Adventists 7.9%, Church of Latter Day Saints 3.8%, other Protestant 5.8%, other 4.2%, unspecified 2.6%, none 3% (2001 census) Buddhism 95%, Muslim 3.8%, Christianity 0.5%, Hinduism 0.1%, other 0.6% (1991)
Sex ratio 1.07 male(s)/female (2001 census) at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.97 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.78 male(s)/female

total population:
0.97 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage NA years of age; universal (adult) 18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Telephone system general assessment: Telecom Cook Islands offers international direct dialing, Internet, email, fax, and Telex


domestic: the individual islands are connected by a combination of satellite earth stations, microwave systems, and VHF and HF radiotelephone; within the islands, service is provided by small exchanges connected to subscribers by open-wire, cable, and fiber-optic cable


international: country code - 682; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
general assessment:
service to general public adequate, but investment in technological upgrades reduced by recession; bulk of service to government activities provided by multichannel cable and microwave radio relay network

domestic:
microwave radio relay and multichannel cable; domestic satellite system being developed

international:
satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 6,200 (2002) 5.4 million (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular 1,500 (2002) 2.3 million (1998)
Television broadcast stations 1 (outer islands receive satellite broadcasts) (2004) 5 (all in Bangkok; plus 131 repeaters) (1997)
Terrain low coral atolls in north; volcanic, hilly islands in south central plain; Khorat Plateau in the east; mountains elsewhere
Total fertility rate 3.1 children born/woman (2001 census) 1.87 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 13.1% (2005) 3.7% (2000 est.)
Waterways - 4,000 km

note:
3,701 km are navigable throughout the year by boats with drafts up to 0.9 meters; numerous minor waterways serve shallow-draft native craft
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